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Chapter 1 Strategic development....................................................................................1

1.1 The era of robots has arrived.....................................................................................1

1.2 The development history of automobile manufacturing.............................................2

1.3 Disruptive technology................................................................................................3

1.4 Intelligent driving........................................................................................................3

1.4.1 Intelligent transportation..........................................................................................4

1.4.2 The origin of intelligent driving research..................................................................5

1.4.3 Attention to intelligent driving...................................................................................6

1.4.4 Information technology forces the auto industry: intelligent driving..........................7

1.4.5 The progressive development route of intelligent driving: active safety...................8

1.4.6 The disruptive development route of intelligent driving: wheeled robot....................8

1.4.7 The relationship between people and cars in the era of intelligent driving: 

         dual driving and dual control................................................................................... 9

1.4.8 Smart car system architecture................................................................................10

1.4.9 Driving assistance systems and intelligent driving..................................................11

1.4.10 Technical fields related to intelligent driving..........................................................12

1.4.11 Scientific issues of intelligent driving......................................................................12

1.5 Status Quo of intelligent driving technology................................................................12

1.5.1 Status Quo of intelligent driving technology in foreign research institutions............12

1.5.2 Status Quo of intelligent driving technology of major foreign companies................15

1.5.3 Status quo of intelligent driving technology in domestic research institutions.........16

1.5.4 Status quo of intelligent driving technology of major domestic companies..............18

1.6 Smart driving competition............................................................................................19

1.6.1 Foreign intelligent driving competition......................................................................19

1.6.2 Domestic intelligent driving competition....................................................................21

1.7 Social benefits and impact of intelligent driving............................................................24

1.7.1 Intelligent driving reduces traffic accidents................................................................24

1.7.2 Intelligent driving promotes energy saving and emission reduction..........................24

1.7.3 Intelligent driving will promote social change.............................................................25

1.7.4 Intelligent driving changes the development of the traditional automobile industry...26

1.8 Legal issues, government attitudes and policies related to smart driving....................26

1.8.1 Legal issues related to smart driving.........................................................................26

1.8.2 The government's attitudes and policies towards smart driving................................26

1.8.3 Analysis and recommendations of smart driving policies, regulations and standards..29


Chapter 2 Perception engineering.....................................................................................31

2.1 Intelligent driving perception task.................................................................................31

2.2 Perception blind spots of intelligent driving..................................................................31

2.3 Environmental information perception sensor..............................................................31

2.4 Sensor configuration scheme.......................................................................................32

2.5 The imperfection of the sensor.....................................................................................32

2.6 Vision sensors and technology.....................................................................................33

2.6.1 Machine vision...........................................................................................................33

2.6.2 Vision sensor..............................................................................................................33

2.6.3 Panoramic vision technology......................................................................................34

2.7 Radar sensor.................................................................................................................35

2.7.1 Radar sensors and their advantages and disadvantages...........................................35

2.7.2 Lidar sensing technology.............................................................................................37

2.7.3 Millimeter wave radar and types..................................................................................37

2.8 Hearing sensor technology.............................................................................................38

2.8.1 Intelligent driving auditory perception technology........................................................38

2.8.2 Ultrasonic sensing technology......................................................................................40

2.9 Pose sensor.....................................................................................................................40

2.9.1 Benchmark of intelligent driving perceived situation.....................................................40

2.9.2 GPS and Beidou............................................................................................................41

2.9.3 RTK differential..............................................................................................................42

2.9.4 Inertial navigation...........................................................................................................42

2.9.5 Smart car attitude perception.........................................................................................43

2.9.6 State perception of smart cars.......................................................................................43

2.10 Driving map.....................................................................................................................43

2.10.1 Driving map..................................................................................................................43

2.10.2 Elements of a city driving map......................................................................................44

2.10.3 The driving map is a sensor..........................................................................................44

2.10.4 The effect of driving maps on perception......................................................................44

2.10.5 Driving map service.......................................................................................................45

2.11 Vehicle assisted driving sensors.......................................................................................46

2.11.1 Automobile adaptive cruise control system....................................................................46

2.11.2 Vehicle lane keeping system..........................................................................................47

2.11.3 Auto parking system.......................................................................................................48

2.11.4 Automobile parallel auxiliary system............................................................................. 49

2.11.5 Automobile mobileye intelligent driving early warning System.......................................50


Chapter 3 Cognitive engineering...............................................................................................51

3.1 Uncertainty of driving behavior............................................................................................51

3.2 Perception cannot replace cognition....................................................................................51

3.3 Selective attention during driving.........................................................................................52

3.4 Multi-sensor fusion...............................................................................................................52

3.5 Right of way..........................................................................................................................53

3.6 Smart car formation..............................................................................................................54

3.7 Primary planning and secondary planning of intelligent driving............................................54

3.8 SLAM and reverse SLAM in intelligent driving......................................................................55

3.9 Driving brain..........................................................................................................................55

3.10 CT map cluster of driving situation......................................................................................58

3.11 Graphical language of driving cognition...............................................................................59

3.12 Universal support module for smart cars.............................................................................61

3.13 Local path planning..............................................................................................................64

3.14 Seeking driving.....................................................................................................................65

3.15 Seeking parking....................................................................................................................66

3.16 Self-learning of intelligent driving..........................................................................................66

3.17 Classification of intelligent degree of intelligent driving.........................................................67

3.18 Incremental IQ test for smart cars.........................................................................................69


Chapter 4 Control Engineering......................................................................................................73

4.1 Architecture design of smart car..............................................................................................73

4.2 Platform technology of smart car.............................................................................................74

4.3 Engine control of smart car......................................................................................................74

4.4 Steering control of smart car....................................................................................................75

4.5 Braking control of smart car.....................................................................................................77

4.6 Gear control of smart car.........................................................................................................78

4.7 Signal control of smart car.......................................................................................................78

4.8 Smart car power system...........................................................................................................79

4.9 Interference factors of smart car on-board circuit.....................................................................79

4.10 Human-computer interaction of smart car..............................................................................80

4.11 Development status of smart car human-computer interaction system..................................80

4.12 The demand of smart cars for on-board computers................................................................85

4.13 Smart car network and wiring..................................................................................................85

4.14 Development history of automotive electronics technology.....................................................86

4.15 Development status of automotive electronics technology......................................................87

4.16 Future development of automotive electronics technology......................................................87

4.17 Current mainstream automotive electronic products................................................................89

4.18 Development history of CAN Bus technology...........................................................................89

4.19 CAN communication real-time and reliability............................................................................90

4.20 Dual-drive dual-control smart car bus system...........................................................................90

4.21 Intelligent driving control decision information flow....................................................................91

4.22 Vertical and horizontal control technology.................................................................................92

4.23 Smart car system health status monitoring................................................................................93

4.24 Smart car adaptive error repair mechanism...............................................................................93

4.25 On-board automatic diagnosis system (OBD)............................................................................94

References..........................................................................................................................................95

Attachments

Attachment1. 中国智能驾驶白皮书.docx

Chinese Association for Artificial Intelligence
2016-01-09


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